Atheism, in other words the denial of God, has existed since the very earliest times. Yet the real rise of this idea began with a number of 18th century thinkers who were opposed to religion. It spread still further in the 19th century.
But in the 20th century, discoveries in a great number of fields, from astronomy to biology, from psychology to social ethics, fundamentally overturned the most basic assumptions of atheism.
Atheism, that has so influenced the world of science and thought, is now undergoing an irrevocable collapse.